simmons | May 9, 2015
The Israeli West Bank barrier (or wall,[1] see also: Names) is a separation barrier built by Israel in the West Bank or along the 1949 Armistice Line ("Green Line").[2] Upon completion, its total length will be approximately 700 kilometres (430mi) and include on the western side approximately 9.4% of the West Bank and 23,000 Palestinians.[3] Israel argues that it protects civilians from Palestinian terrorism such as suicide bombing attacks which increased significantly during the Second Intifada.[4] Between 2000 and July 2003 (completion of the "first continuous segment"), 73 suicide bombings were carried out from the West Bank. However, from August 2003 to the end of 2006, only 12 attacks were carried out.[5][6] Barrier opponents claim it seeks to annex Palestinian land under the guise of security[7] and undermines peace negotiations by unilaterally establishing new borders.[8] Opponents object to a route that in some places substantially deviates eastward from the Green Line and severely restricts the travel of nearby Palestinians to and from work both in the West Bank[9] and in Israel.[10] In Hebrew, descriptions include: separation fence ( (helpinfo), Geder HaHafrada); separation wall (Hebrew: , kHomat HaHafrada) and security fence ( , Geder HaBitakhon).[11][12] In Arabic, it is called wall of apartheid (helpinfo), jidar al-fasl al-'unsuri
Category: West Bank |
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simmons | May 9, 2015
Holocaust denial is the act of denying the genocide of Jews in the Holocaust during World War II.[1][2] Holocaust denial includes any of the following claims: that Nazi Germany's Final Solution policy aimed only at deporting Jews from the Reich, and included no policy to exterminate Jews; that Nazi authorities did not use extermination camps and gas chambers to mass murder Jews; and that the actual number of Jews killed was significantly (typically an order of magnitude) lower than the historically accepted figure of 5 to 6 million.[3][4][5] Scholars use the term "denial" to describe the views and methodology of Holocaust deniers in order to distinguish them from legitimate historical revisionists, who challenge orthodox interpretations of history using established historical methodologies.[6] Holocaust deniers generally do not accept the term denial as an appropriate description of their activities, and use the term revisionism instead.[7] The methodologies of Holocaust deniers are based on a predetermined conclusion that ignores overwhelming historical evidence to the contrary.[8] Most Holocaust denial claims imply, or openly state, that the Holocaust is a hoax arising out of a deliberate Jewish conspiracy to advance the interest of Jews at the expense of other peoples.[9] For this reason, Holocaust denial is considered to be an antisemitic [10]conspiracy theory,[11] is frequently criticized, and is illegal in several countries. Holocaust deniers prefer to refer to their work as historical revisionism, and object to being referred to as "deniers".[7] Scholars consider this misleading, since the methods of Holocaust denial differ from those of legitimate historical revision.[6] Legitimate historical revisionism is explained in a resolution adopted by the Duke University History Department, November 8, 1991, and reprinted in Duke Chronicle, November 13, 1991 in response to an advertisement produced by Bradley R Smith's Committee for Open Debate on the Holocaust: That historians are constantly engaged in historical revision is certainly correct; however, what historians do is very different from this advertisement. Historical revision of major events ...
Category: Holocaust Denial |
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